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Uncovering the Mediterranean salt giant

Medsalt OGS Explora Cuise, Baleares July 2015 (credits Angelo Camerlenghi)

Published 31 August 2016 at 2560 × 1920

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Medsalt OGS Explora Cuise, Baleares July 2015 (credits Angelo Camerlenghi)

Medsalt OGS Explora Cuise, Baleares July 2015 (credits Angelo Camerlenghi)

Scanning electron micrograph of Halococcus salifodinae strain BIp, isolated from a salt mine in Austria, © Gerhard Wanner. (For more details see: McGenity TJ & Oren A (2012) Hypersaline environments. In Life at Extremes: Environments, Organisms and Strategies for Survival. EM Bell (ed.) CAB International, UK. pp. 402-437)

Scanning electron micrograph of Halococcus salifodinae strain BIp, isolated from a salt mine in Austria, © Gerhard Wanner. (For more details see: McGenity TJ & Oren A (2012) Hypersaline environments. In Life at Extremes: Environments, Organisms and Strategies for Survival. EM Bell (ed.) CAB International, UK. pp. 402-437)

The red pond on the left is saturated with NaCl, and has a visible halite crust. The mound of harvested salt is about 2.5 m high, © Rafael Bosch. (For more details see: McGenity TJ & Oren A (2012) Hypersaline environments. In Life at Extremes: Environments, Organisms and Strategies for Survival. EM Bell (ed.) CAB International, UK. pp. 402-437)

The red pond on the left is saturated with NaCl, and has a visible halite crust. The mound of harvested salt is about 2.5 m high, © Rafael Bosch. (For more details see: McGenity TJ & Oren A (2012) Hypersaline environments. In Life at Extremes: Environments, Organisms and Strategies for Survival. EM Bell (ed.) CAB International, UK. pp. 402-437)

Sampling intercalated clays within the Sorbas (SE. Spain) Messinian peripheral primary gypsum Popescu-Suc (credits Marcello Natalicchio)

Sampling intercalated clays within the Sorbas (SE. Spain) Messinian peripheral primary gypsum Popescu-Suc (credits Marcello Natalicchio)

Medsalt OGS Explora Cuise, Baleares July 2015 (credits Angelo Camerlenghi)

Medsalt OGS Explora Cuise, Baleares July 2015 (credits Angelo Camerlenghi)

Laboratory-made crystals of NaCl encasing the haloarchaeon, Halorubrum saccharovorum. The cloudiness of the halite (NaCl) crystals is due to the large number of brine inclusions. Each crystal is ca. 1 cm square, © Terry J. McGenity. (For more details see: McGenity TJ & Oren A (2012) Hypersaline environments. In Life at Extremes: Environments, Organisms and Strategies for Survival. EM Bell (ed.) CAB International, UK. pp. 402-437)

Laboratory-made crystals of NaCl encasing the haloarchaeon, Halorubrum saccharovorum. The cloudiness of the halite (NaCl) crystals is due to the large number of brine inclusions. Each crystal is ca. 1 cm square, © Terry J. McGenity. (For more details see: McGenity TJ & Oren A (2012) Hypersaline environments. In Life at Extremes: Environments, Organisms and Strategies for Survival. EM Bell (ed.) CAB International, UK. pp. 402-437)

Gypsum crust from the bottom of a shallow saltern pond (200 g l−1 salinity) in Eilat, Israel, showing layered communities of phototrophic microbes. The orange-brown upper layer is dominated by unicellular cyanobacteria and the green layer by filamentous cyanobacteria; and the red-purple layer contains a dense community of purple sulfur bacteria (e.g. Halochromatium spp.) that oxidize sulfide produced by sulfate-reducing bacteria present in the lower grey layer, © Andreas Thywißen. (For more details see: McGenity TJ & Oren A (2012) Hypersaline environments. In Life at Extremes: Environments, Organisms and Strategies for Survival. EM Bell (ed.) CAB International, UK. pp. 402-437)

Gypsum crust from the bottom of a shallow saltern pond (200 g l−1 salinity) in Eilat, Israel, showing layered communities of phototrophic microbes. The orange-brown upper layer is dominated by unicellular cyanobacteria and the green layer by filamentous cyanobacteria; and the red-purple layer contains a dense community of purple sulfur bacteria (e.g. Halochromatium spp.) that oxidize sulfide produced by sulfate-reducing bacteria present in the lower grey layer, © Andreas Thywißen. (For more details see: McGenity TJ & Oren A (2012) Hypersaline environments. In Life at Extremes: Environments, Organisms and Strategies for Survival. EM Bell (ed.) CAB International, UK. pp. 402-437)

Medsalt OGS Explora Cuise, Baleares July 2015 (credits Angelo Camerlenghi)

Medsalt OGS Explora Cuise, Baleares July 2015 (credits Angelo Camerlenghi)

Microscopic image from a natural hypersaline brine (salinity > 200 g l−1). Based on distinctive morphologies the following can be identified: the eukaryotic green alga Dunaliella salina living alongside the haloarchaeon Haloquadratum walsbyi (flat square with gas vesicles; numerous cells are dividing like a sheet of postage stamps). A rod-shaped microbe can also be seen, © Mike Dyall-Smith. (For more details see: McGenity TJ & Oren A (2012) Hypersaline environments. In Life at Extremes: Environments, Organisms and Strategies for Survival. EM Bell (ed.) CAB International, UK. pp. 402-437)

Microscopic image from a natural hypersaline brine (salinity > 200 g l−1). Based on distinctive morphologies the following can be identified: the eukaryotic green alga Dunaliella salina living alongside the haloarchaeon Haloquadratum walsbyi (flat square with gas vesicles; numerous cells are dividing like a sheet of postage stamps). A rod-shaped microbe can also be seen, © Mike Dyall-Smith. (For more details see: McGenity TJ & Oren A (2012) Hypersaline environments. In Life at Extremes: Environments, Organisms and Strategies for Survival. EM Bell (ed.) CAB International, UK. pp. 402-437)

Medsalt OGS Explora Cuise, Baleares July 2015 (credits Angelo Camerlenghi)

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